Author: Sociology Group

  • Untouchability – Forms and Perspectives

    To completely understand what untouchability is, how and why it is practiced, we must first understand that there ‘four-fold system’ in India which divides the population into four Varnas or groups namely Brahmins, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Shudra. They are placed in a hierarchy and observe rules of purity and pollution (higher castes being the purest…

  • Misdemeanor : Meaning, Classification, and Examples

    There are various crimes that place in the society since crimes are deviant behavior it is often considered appropriate that they entail consequences or punishment, this punishment is decided based on the seriousness of the crime. Thus they differ in their degree or class and their seriousness. Based on these crimes are divided into infractions,…

  • Labeling Theory of Deviance: Definition & Examples

    Labeling theory is a theory to understand deviance in the society, this theory is focused more on trying to understand how people react to behavior that happens around them and label it as ‘deviant’ or ‘nondeviant’. This theory was given by Howard Becker who tried to understand, not in the causes behind the deviant behavior…

  • Women Empowerment Through Higher Education in Odisha: Challenges and Prospects

    Abstract  Women Empowerment has always been a burning issue in India. There have been numerous academic works carried by different researcher on this topic. However, this research work lies with the fact that it attempts to bring out the connection between women empowerment and higher education in the context of one of the most under a…

  • Definition of Ritualism and Theory of Ritualism by Robert Merton

    Ritualism is derived from Robert Merton’s strain theory. According to him tension in the society arises from the fact that the resources in the society are to equally divided among people to achieve cultural values and goals. when one does not have the resources to reach goals, they adopt other ways to attain goals, based…

  • Short Note on Relative Deprivation and Deprivation Theory

    The concept of relative deprivation was first given by Samuel Stouffer, in his study of the military officials in World War 2. Various scholars like Robert Merton and Walter Runciman have further extended it. Relative deprivation is seen often as the theory of social movements, it is the perceived lack of resources of the essential…

  • What is convergence theory in sociology?

    This theory is one of social change that has been given by economic professor Clark Kerr in a book by him and his colleagues called ’Industrialism and Industrial Man’ in the 1960s. The convergence theory is the one which postulates that all the societies as they move from the early industrial development to complete industrialization…